DANGO: JAPAN'S PRICE-FIXING CONSPIRACIES

Covering Fairness against Conspiracies

The paper takes advantage and develops the fundamental Best’s ideas about fairness hierarchy and conspiracies in concurrent systems. Near to the start we characterize liveness with the notion of ∞-fairness. Next we show that the conspiracy-freeness problem is decidable for elementary nets and undecidable for place/transition nets. The main aim of the paper was to put places into work against co...

Vertical Maximum Price Fixing: In Defense of Albrecht

Fixing the heart: must the brain pay the price?

Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) has been persuasively shown to prolong life expectancy in a broad spectrum of patients with severe ischemic heart disease.1 Improvements in the procedure during the past 2 decades have allowed operative mortality rates to fall while disease severity, comorbidity rate, and procedural complexity have increased. In one area, however, evidence of impro...

The distribution of harm in price-fixing cases

Antitrust Scrutiny of Price-Fixing Clauses in Patent Licenses

Patent licenses are frequently subjected to antitrust scrutiny, especially when they contain restrictions beyond simple fixed fees and royalties. Clauses that fix the price at which a product is sold have proven contentious, upheld by the courts in some circumstances and rejected in others. No agreement has yet emerged on how to reconcile court decisions and economic rationale. We study the eff...